سياسة تعارض المصالح

Policy Statement

All authors, reviewers, editors, and editorial board members must disclose relationships or activities that could influence, or reasonably be perceived to influence, their work, judgment, or editorial decisions.

Examples of Conflicts

Financial relationships, employment, consultancy, honoraria, grants, stock ownership, patents, or paid expert work.
Personal, academic, institutional, political, or professional relationships.
Competition, rivalry, collaboration, supervision, or recent co-authorship.
Strong intellectual positions or advocacy that may affect objectivity.

Authors

Authors must disclose all relevant conflicts of interest and funding sources within the manuscript. If there are no conflicts of interest, authors should state:

"The authors declare no conflicts of interest."

Reviewers

Reviewers must decline the review or seek editorial guidance if they have a conflict that could affect objectivity. Reviewers must not use confidential manuscript information for personal, academic, or professional advantage.

Editors

Editors must recuse themselves from handling manuscripts where a conflict of interest exists. In such cases, another qualified editor should independently manage the manuscript and editorial decision process.